THERAPEUTIC ROLE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN- INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RAT: HISTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNE-HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY 1Mohamed Bakry Mohamed, 2Hanan Dawood Yassa, 1Ahmed Galal Motawie and 2Christen Nagy Kamal 1Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
2Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beny- Suef University
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is considered a major medical problem; as it is highly prevalent, having potential deleterious effect on a patient physical and psychological state. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stroma cells which can provide a potential therapy for diabetes mellitus but the mechanism is still controversial. Aim of work: To evaluate the potential therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cells extracted from the bone marrow in the treatment of the Streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in adult male albino rat. Materials and methods: Interstitial stem cells were extracted from the femoral bone marrow of the adult albino rats. Then they were separated, grown and multiplied for 4 weeks. Then the cells were injected into the rat tail vein. The rats were classified into 4 equal groups: group I (control group), group II (sham group), group III (diabetic group) and group IV (mesenchymal stem cells treated group). After the end of the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed and the pancreas was examined using light microscopic and immune-histochemical study. Blood glucose was monitored for all groups. Results: histological examination of the pancreas of group III (diabetic group) showed marked pathological changes in the pancreatic tissue in the form of reduction in the number and size of the cells of islets of Langerhans with marked inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion in blood vessels. The blood glucose level was markedly elevated. These pathological findings were improved in group IV (treated with mesenchymal stem cells). The blood glucose level was within normal value compared with the control group. Conclusion: Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells can protect the pancreas from Streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in adult male adult rat.
June 2016