EFFECT OF MATERNAL OBESITY ON FETAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME IN CASES OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Amira Y Shoab, Heba Wageih Said, Ahmed A Metwally, Hamsa Rashwan, Maryam Mahmood, Salah Sanad, Haidy Hussein Ali.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
BACKGROUND: Over weight which is defined as body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2 and obesity which is defined as BMI greater than 30 kg/m2, are increasing among population especially women at the reproductive age. Adverse impact of obesity on maternal and fetal outcomes has been demonstrated by various studies. Diabetes is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy, This study evaluated fetal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by obesity in the presence of gestational diabetes. OBJECTIVE: to assess the effect of increased body mass index on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcome in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. DESIGN: a comparative study. METHODS: The participants were divided into 2 groups: Group A: Normal weight with calculated BMI (18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2). Group B: Overweight with BMI (25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese with BMI (30-40 kg/m2). Data were analyzed using unpaired t test. Chi square (c2) test was used to compare categorical data or Exact test if the expected frequency was < 5. P-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: All parameters of neonatal outcome named fetal macrosomia, incidence of congenital anomalies, IUGR, IUFD, Apgar score evaluated at 1 minute, incidence of neonatal ICU admission and neonatal hypoglycemia showed non-significant difference between the 2 study groups. CONCLUSION: The presence of maternal obesity has its effect on the maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes. Its prevention and proper management would improve fetal, maternal and neonatal outcomes.
June 2016