EJMS

Abstract

Introduction: Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are a class of non ionizing radiation widely distributed in the environment. Its effects on the accessory male genital glands are still unclear. Aim of the Work: This study aimed to clarify the structural changes that may occur in the prostate and seminal vesicles of adult albino rats after exposure to EMF and to evaluate the role of zinc supplementation. Materials and Methods: Forty five adult male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group I served as control. Group II were exposed to EMF for 2 successive months and Group III received daily intraperitoneal injection of 3 mg/kg/day zinc sulphate immediately before EMF exposure. At the end of exposure period, blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis of serum testosterone and zinc. The prostate and seminal vesicles were processed for light and transmission electron microscope examination. Epithelial heights were estimated morphometrically and statistically analyzed. Results: Serum testosterone and zinc levels showed a highly statistically significant decrease in Group II when compared with Group I and Group III. Histologically, prostatic acini of Group II showed reduced mucosal folds separated by abundant congested stroma with inflammatory cells and collagen fibers. Stratification, vacuolation and flattening of the epithelium were found. Secretory cells had indented nuclei, mildly dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, few secretory granules, mitochondria with disrupted cristae and cytoplasmic vacuolation. Group II, seminal vesicles showed few folds and anastomoses of the mucosa with little secretions. Secretory cells showed darkly stained nuclei, few microvilli and decreased secretory granules, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and distorted Golgi. Intraepithelial inflammatory cells were also seen. Supplementation of the animals in Group III with zinc showed amelioration of many of the changes induced by EMF exposure. Conclusion: Exposure to EMFs induced biochemical and histological alterations in the lateral prostatic lobes and seminal vesicles of adult albino rats. Supplementation with zinc during EMF exposure was able to minimize the occurrence of these alterations.