EJMS

Abstract

Introduction: Mandibular fractures occupy the second most frequent incidence of facial bone fractures. The mandible is a mobile bone sharing in many complex vital processes. Although, mandibular reconstruction techniques have evolved dramatically over the years, refinements in techniques continue to improve patient quality of life. Aim of the study: To histologically evaluate the application of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) product (Easy Graft Crystal™) as a bone graft in surgically induced mandibular fracture. Materials & Methods: Twelve healthy adult male mongrel dogs (weighing 10-15kg) were randomly divided into 2 equal groups:-Group I (control group): An induced fracture was created in right side of the mandible and fixed with miniplate only. Group II (test group): An induced fracture was created in right side of the mandible, packed with an injectable BCP (Easy graft CRYSTAL™), and fixed with miniplate. Two dogs from each group were euthanized at 2, 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively by giving them an over dose of thiopentone sodium. The site of fracture boney defects was resected enbloc to be prepared for histological examination by H&E and Gomori's and Masson's trichrome stains. Results: In BCP group (group II), there was rapid ingrowth of well oriented collagen fibers rapid mineralization of the newly formed matrix in the early intervals of the study. The formation of trabecular bone with many bone cells was more evident in group II than in control group after 6weeks. New bone formation in group II was almost complete in 12 weeks. On the other hand, after 12 weeks control group specimens showed large bone marrow cavities and lines of demarcation between old and new bone. Conclusion: The study suggested that BCP (Easy Graft Crystal™) enhanced the rate of bone repair and may be a potentially useful agent in management of mandibular fractures.