ASSESSMENT OF VENTILATORY FUNCTION OF THE LUNG
By
Mohamed F. Lutfi1*, Ramaze F. Elhakeem2, Elmuataz E A Mohammed3, Nagwa El Amin4, Manal Mohamed Hatem5, Tarek Essa6, Mohamed Hindawy7, Khawaja Shahid Rafi4
1,2,3 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
4 Department of Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
5,6,7 Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
Spirometry remains a cornerstone in evaluating ventilatory lung function, offering critical insights into obstructive and restrictive respiratory disorders. This review synthesizes the physiological principles, clinical applications, and limitations of spirometry, emphasizing its role in diagnosing respiratory diseases. Key spirometric indices, including those derived from vitalography and flow-volume loops, are discussed for their utility in distinguishing airflow obstruction from restrictive lung mechanics. While spirometry provides valuable data on airflow limitation and lung volumes, its diagnostic accuracy is enhanced when integrated with advanced techniques like plethysmography and gas dilution methods. The review also addresses demographic and physiological determinants that influence reference values and interpretation. Challenges in diagnosing mixed or non-specific lung disease patterns are highlighted, underscoring the need for comprehensive clinical correlation.
December 2024